中国石化新闻网讯 据美国油价网2022年8月2日报道，美国能源信息署（EIA）周二称，到明年年底前，全球炼油日产能预计将增加近300万桶，届时中东和亚洲至少有9个炼油项目将启动。
炼油能力扩大将抵消2020年和2021年全球炼油能力的损失，当时世界各地的一些炼油厂（包括美国的100万桶/天的炼油能力）要么永久关闭，要么被改造为生产生物燃料的设施。
炼油产能紧张，加上疫情解除封锁后燃料需求反弹，是今年迄今炼油利润率飙升和世界各地燃料价格高企的主要原因之一，3位数的原油价格是汽油和柴油价格创纪录高企的主要原因。
EIA在6月份发布的最新炼油产能报告显示，今年美国的可运营炼油产能降至近10年低点。根据EIA的最新数据，截至1月1日，美国炼油日产能从去年1月1日的1809万桶降至今年的1794万桶。美国现在的炼油产能是2014年以来的最低水平。
根据EIA引用的国际能源署（IEA）的数据，去年全球炼油产能的净增——总新增产能减去已关闭产能的差额——出现了30年来的首次下降。今年的净增加量预计为100万桶/天，2023年将再增加160万桶/天。
根据EIA的数据，亚洲的马来西亚等，以及中东的沙特阿拉伯、科威特、伊拉克和阿曼的炼油公司都预计今明两年将启动新的炼油项目。
美国政府表示：“尽管项目出现延宕和取消的可能性一直是一个重大风险，但到2023年底前，这些项目可能会增加近300万桶/天的新炼油产能。”
李峻 编译自 美国油价网
原文如下：
Global Refining Capacity To Expand With New Projects In Middle East, Asia
The world’s refining capacity is expected to increase by nearly 3 million barrels per day (bpd) by the end of next year when at least nine refinery projects are expected to start up in the Middle East and Asia, the EIA said on Tuesday.
The expansion of refinery capacity would offset the losses in global refining capacity in 2020 and 2021 when several refineries around the world—including 1 million bpd capacity in the United States—were either permanently closed or slated to be converted to produce biofuels.
Tight refining capacity, coupled with rebounding fuel demand post-COVID lockdowns, has been one of the main reasons for soaring refining margins so far this year and for high fuel prices everywhere in the world, although the triple-digit crude oil prices have been the main culprit for record high gasoline and diesel prices.
Operable refining capacity in the United States hit a nearly decade low in 2022, the EIA’s latest Refining Capacity Report showed in June. U.S. refining capacity fell this year to 17.94 million barrels per day as of January 1, according to the latest EIA data—down from 18.09 million bpd on January 1 last year. U.S. refining capacity is now the lowest it’s been since 2014.
Net global refining capacity additions—the difference between total new capacity minus capacity that has closed—fell last year for the first time in three decades, per data from the International Energy Agency (IEA) cited by the EIA. This year, the net additions are expected at 1.0 million bpd and at another 1.6 million bpd in 2023.
Refiners in Malaysia and etc. in Asia, and Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, and Oman in the Middle East, are all expecting new refinery projects to start up this year and next, according to the EIA.
“Although the potential for project complications and cancellations is always a significant risk, these projects could otherwise account for an increase of nearly 3.0 million b/d of new refining capacity by the end of 2023,” the U.S. administration said.